### Terms and Conditions
- [x] I agree to the [Grant Agreement](https://9ba4718…c-5c73-47c3-a024-4fc4e5278803.usrfiles.com/ugd/9ba471_f81ef4e4b5f040038350270590eb2e42.pdf) terms if funded
- [x] I agree to [Provide KYC information](https://9ba4718c-5c73-47c3-a024-4fc4e5278803.usrfiles.com/ugd/9ba471_7d9e73d16b584a61bae92282b208efc4.pdf) if funded above $50,000 USD
- [x] I agree to disclose conflicts of interest
- [x] I agree to adhere to the [Code of Conduct](https://forum.zcashcommunity.com/t/zcg-code-of-conduct/41787) and [Communication Guidelines](https://forum.zcashcommunity.com/t/zcg-communication-guidelines/44284)
- [x] I understand all milestone deliverables will be validated and accepted by their intended users or their representatives, who will confirm that the deliverables meet the required quality, functionality, and usability for each user story.
- [x] I agree that for any new open-source software, I will create a `CONTRIBUTING.md` file that reflects the high standards of Zcash development, using the [`librustzcash` style guides](https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#styleguides) as a primary reference.
- [x] I understand when contributing to existing Zcash code, I am required to adhere to the project specific contribution guidelines, paying close attention to any [merge](https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#merge-workflow), [branch](https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#branch-history), [pull request](https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#pull-request-review), and [commit](https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#commit-messages) guidelines as exemplified in the `librustzcash` repository.
- [x] I agree to post request details on the [Community Forum](https://forum.zcashcommunity.com/c/grants/33)
- [x] I understand it is my responsibility to post a link to this issue on the [Zcash Community Forums](https://forum.zcashcommunity.com/c/grants/33) after this application has been submitted so the community can give input. I understand this is required in order for ZCG to discuss and vote on this grant application.
### Application Owners (@Octocat, @Octocat1)
@cavalla244
### Organization Name
Yijian Lyu, PhD researcher
### How did you learn about Zcash Community Grants
I learned about Zcash Community Grants when researching about supports for the study of privacy in blockchain ecosystems across cultures. I then reviewed the ZCG funding priorities, recent applications, and community discussions to understand how a proposal could produce practical resources for the Zcash ecosystem.
### Requested Grant Amount (USD)
$12000
### Category
Education
### Project Lead
```project-lead.yaml
Name: Yijian "Lexa" Lyu
Role: Principal researcher and project lead
Background: Lyu am a PhD researcher in Religious Studies at the University of Iowa. Her work examines how digital-money infrastructures encode different types of morality and legitimacy. Her current research tackles Islamic digital finance and blockchain governance. Her works were featured in venues such as Harvard, Peking University, and the International Islamic Economics and Finance Conference for Sustainable Development at the World Bank Headquarters. Along with that, I have received various supports from institutions like ACLS, NSF, and the Mertacus Center. Her background in finance across the Pacific Rim and training in religious studies, digital finance research, and public-facing teaching equip her to study not only whether privacy technology is helpful, but also how communities decide whether a privacy setting is legitimate in users' mental world.
Responsibilities: Corpus building; primary-source research; document, discourse, and institutional analysis; comparative analysis; drafting; community consultation; revision; and public workshop delivery.
```
### Additional Team Members
```team-members.yaml
N/A. This is a solo project.** Subject-matter experts and Zcash community members may be invited to review relevant sections for accuracy, but they will not be project personnel unless the grant is amended.
```
### Project Summary
This project will examine how Zcash makes private digital money trustworthy to users who may not regard privacy alone as sufficient moral justification. Using HAQQ Network as a focused comparative case, it will produce an open research report and a practical Zcash brief explaining how shielded privacy, selective disclosure, and accountability can be communicated to Muslim and religiously oriented digital-finance audiences.
### Project Description
Public discourse about blockchain shows that blockchain projects do not become socially durable through code alone. Users participate when a system presents recognizable reasons to regard its rules, institutions, and forms of exchange as legitimate. Zcash and HAQQ Network make this problem visible from different directions.
Zcash builds private digital cash through shielded transactions and zero-knowledge proofs. Its design challenges the assumption that public visibility is necessary for transaction validity. HAQQ, by contrast, presents itself as an Islamic-oriented digital-finance infrastructure. Its public materials link blockchain governance to Shariah-oriented review, ethical participation, advisory authority, token design, and community obligation. HAQQ's Shariah Oracle is especially revealing because it turns religious-ethical authority into a governance workflow involving community proposals, on-chain signaling, review, and certification.
The comparison raises a practical question for Zcash. How can financial privacy become morally intelligible to communities whose models of trust emphasize oversight, recognizable authority, and ethical accountability? Existing Zcash explanations often begin with technical privacy or individual autonomy. Those arguments remain important, but they may not answer questions about lawful disclosure, charitable responsibility, institutional review, and the difference between legitimate confidentiality and concealment.
This project will analyze how both ecosystems construct legitimacy. Zcash will remain the primary beneficiary and principal object of the final recommendations. HAQQ will function as a bounded comparative case that reveals what Zcash's existing materials assume about trust and what they may leave unstated. The purpose is not to promote HAQQ or propose that Zcash adopt religious governance. It is to help the Zcash community understand how privacy is interpreted when users approach digital finance through a different moral and institutional vocabulary.
All evidence will come from publicly accessible materials. Final outputs will be published open-access under a Creative Commons license. The project will produce a full comparative report, a concise Zcash-facing brief, and a transferable framework for culturally grounded privacy education.
### Proposed Problem
Zcash demonstrates that transactions can be valid without being publicly exposed. Yet technical validity does not automatically produce social legitimacy. Potential users may still ask who remains accountable, when disclosure is appropriate, and whether privacy protects rightful autonomy or enables conduct that should be visible to a legitimate authority.
This problem becomes clearer in Islamic digital finance. HAQQ does not present trust as the absence of intermediaries alone. Its materials construct credibility through ethical language, Shariah-oriented review, governance procedures, token rules, and institutional roles. The system makes moral authority visible. Zcash instead protects users by reducing unnecessary visibility and enabling selective forms of disclosure. Both systems respond to distrust in conventional finance, but they organize the relationship between visibility and legitimacy differently.
The Zcash ecosystem currently lacks a focused culture-based analysis of this difference. Without such analysis, educational materials can mistake a moral or institutional concern for a lack of technical knowledge. A reader may understand zero-knowledge proofs while remaining unsure how shielded money relates to audit, compliance, charity, or responsible oversight. Zcash educators and ecosystem teams need language that addresses those questions without compromising the principle of financial privacy.
### Proposed Solution
The project will conduct a comparative study of legitimacy formation in Zcash and HAQQ Network, then translate the findings into Zcash-specific educational recommendations. The research report will enable developers in the Zcash community to engage with Muslims most efficiently.
The research will first map how Zcash documentation explains privacy, shielded transactions, selective disclosure, viewing capabilities, auditability, user responsibility, and compliance. It will then analyze how HAQQ translates Islamic ethical claims into governance procedures and ecosystem design. Particular attention will be given to the Shariah Oracle, advisory review, validator participation, ISLM staking, token circulation, and the Evergreen DAO.
The comparison will identify where the two ecosystems rely on different assumptions about credible authority. It will also locate points of alignment. Both projects challenge the idea that existing financial institutions should define the only legitimate model of digital exchange. Both attempt to make technically modern finance answerable to values that conventional systems neglect.
The final stage will convert the analysis into an educational framework for Zcash. The framework will show how to explain financial privacy to audiences concerned with moral accountability. It will distinguish privacy from secrecy, clarify what selective disclosure can and cannot do, and identify claims that require careful qualification. Recommendations will be written for Zcash educators, wallet teams, community organizers, and researchers to penetrate the Islamic market.
### Solution Format
-Comparative source map: A structured inventory of the Zcash and HAQQ materials used in the study. The map will identify where each ecosystem addresses privacy, disclosure, authority, governance, ethical obligation, and accountability.
-Open research report: An approximately 8,000- to 10,000-word report on how Zcash and HAQQ construct legitimacy through different relationships between privacy, visibility, moral authority, and governance.
-Zcash education brief: An approximately 3,000-word public-facing guide titled provisionally *Explaining Private Money Where Trust Requires Accountability*. It will provide usable language, cautions, and examples for Zcash educators and community teams.
-Legitimacy framework: A concise analytical matrix that helps blockchain researchers and educators compare technical validity, institutional authority, ethical framing, forms of disclosure, and imagined users.
-Public Zcash presentation: An online presentation and feedback session, followed by a revision memo explaining how community feedback affected the final materials.
### Dependencies
The project relies on publicly accessible Zcash materials, including the protocol specification, relevant ZIPs, wallet documentation, official educational resources, and Community Forum discussions. The HAQQ corpus will include its whitepapers, governance materials, technical documentation, tokenomics explanations, official websites, blog posts, and public descriptions of advisory and ecosystem structures.
No private user data, wallet addresses, or transaction histories will be collected. The project does not depend on human-subject interviews or formal access to either organization.
Accuracy review will benefit from limited coordination with Zcash contributors familiar with shielded transactions, viewing capabilities, selective disclosure, and wallet UX. If no reviewer is available, technical claims will be limited to what can be supported directly by primary documentation and will be labeled accordingly.
### Technical Approach
This is a qualitative research and education project rather than a software-development project. It uses four methods.
-Corpus building: I will assemble a bounded set of public technical, governance, legal, and organizational materials for Zcash and HAQQ. Each source will be recorded with its date, issuing body, intended audience, and role in the ecosystem.
-Document and discourse analysis: I will examine how the projects define the problems they solve and the users they imagine. For Zcash, the analysis will focus on privacy, autonomy, selective disclosure, auditability, and legitimate use. For HAQQ, it will focus on Shariah compliance, halal participation, ethical obligation, community, and legitimate exchange.
-Institutional analysis: The project will compare how authority is structured rather than studying language alone. Zcash materials will be read alongside the ecosystem's technical and governance arrangements. HAQQ materials will be used to examine the relationship among community governance, advisory authority, on-chain certification, validator design, token incentives, and public claims of accountability.
-Comparative synthesis: The final analysis will not score one project against the other. It will identify how different trust models shape what users expect from a financial infrastructure. The synthesis will then isolate findings that matter for Zcash education and adoption.
All protocol-specific claims will be supported by primary sources. Relevant passages will be offered to technically qualified Zcash contributors for factual review before publication. The researcher's interpretation and recommendations will remain independent.
### Upstream Merge Opportunities
Not applicable. The project does not fork or modify Zcash software. Because the education brief and framework will be openly licensed, they may be incorporated into ZecHub or other community documentation if maintainers find them useful.
### Hardware/Software Costs (USD)
0
### Hardware/Software Justification
No new hardware or paid software is required. The project will use equipment this author already have, institutionally available research tools, and open-source software where appropriate.
### Service Costs (USD)
$2000
### Service Costs Justification
The project requests up to $2,000 for conference and summit dissemination. Eligible expenses will include registration, transportation, and lodging, for academic conference or industry summit to promote the Zcash-facing findings. Possible venues include a blockchain research summit, a digital-finance conference, or a major academic meeting with an appropriate religion, technology, or economic-governance section.
This activity will extend the project beyond online publication. It will introduce Zcash's approach to financial privacy to researchers and practitioners who may not already participate in the Zcash ecosystem. It will also generate external feedback for the education brief and identify opportunities for later reuse.
Funds will be used only for documented project-related expenses. Any unused portion will not be reallocated without ZCG approval.
### Compensation Costs (USD)
$12,000
### Compensation Costs Justification
The requested compensation supports approximately 200 hours of specialized research and writing at an effective rate of $50 per hour. The estimated effort includes corpus building and literature review (40 hours), Zcash document and institutional analysis (40 hours), HAQQ document and institutional analysis (35 hours), comparative synthesis and framework development (25 hours), drafting and revising the research report (35 hours), production of the Zcash education brief (15 hours), and community presentation and project administration (10 hours).
The source corpus is bounded, and preliminary research on HAQQ has already established the project's feasibility. Grant funds will support the additional Zcash research, comparative analysis, and ecosystem-facing outputs required by this proposal.
### Total Budget (USD)
12000
### Previous Funding
No
### Previous Funding Details
N/A
### Other Funding Sources
No
### Other Funding Sources Details
I have applied for academic and professional programs connected to the broader research agenda. If another award creates substantive overlap before ZCG approval, I will disclose it and revise the scope so that no research time or deliverable is funded twice.
### Implementation Risks
-Comparative imbalance: My prior work on HAQQ is more developed than my work on Zcash. To prevent the project from becoming a repackaged HAQQ paper, the first milestone requires a substantial Zcash source map and a Zcash-specific problem statement. The final brief and recommendations are exclusively directed to Zcash users and ecosystem teams.
-Technical accuracy: A humanities researcher can misstate protocol capabilities. Protocol claims will be grounded in the Zcash specification, relevant ZIPs, and official documentation. Relevant sections will be offered to a technically qualified reviewer before publication.
-Overgeneralization: Islamic finance does not represent one stable viewpoint. The project will not claim that HAQQ speaks for Muslim users as a whole. HAQQ is a case of how one blockchain ecosystem constructs Islamic legitimacy. Conclusions will be limited accordingly.
-Outdated ecosystem materials: Both projects continue to change. The source map will record access dates and distinguish current functionality from proposals, earlier designs, or public aspirations. Major changes during the grant period will be reflected in the final report.
-Perception of endorsement: Comparative attention can be mistaken for endorsement of either project's institutional claims. The report will distinguish public claims from verified mechanisms and will analyze criticism, limitation, and inconsistency where evidence supports it.
### Potential Side Effects
The comparison may reveal tensions between privacy and visible ethical oversight. It may also show that some common explanations of Zcash do not persuade audiences who begin from institutionally grounded models of trust. These findings could invite debate, but an educational resource is more useful when it identifies genuine disagreement rather than assuming universal agreement about privacy.
The report will not issue a religious ruling, Shariah certification, legal opinion, or compliance recommendation. However, it carries the potential to connect ZCash to Islamic finance. Hence, the community can decide whether they want to receive Shariah certification from the connection that will be mentioned in the report. Anyway, this research will not imply that HAQQ represents Islam as a whole or that Zcash satisfies a particular religious standard. No code, network parameters, user data, or funds will be affected.
### Success Metrics
Success will be measured through completed outputs and demonstrated usefulness:
- A comparative source map covering the relevant Zcash and HAQQ materials.
- One 8,000-to 10,000-word open research report with Zcash-specific findings.
- One approximately 3,000-word Zcash education brief written for non-academic use.
- One concise legitimacy framework that community educators and researchers can reuse.
- Factual review of Zcash protocol claims by at least one technically qualified contributor or a reviewer designated by ZCG, if one is available.
- One public Zcash community presentation and feedback session.
- A revision memo documenting substantive feedback and the resulting changes.
- Evidence of reuse within six months, measured through links, citations, incorporation into community documentation, invitations to present, or requests to adapt the materials.
Privacy-preserving aggregate readership data may be reported, but page views will not substitute for completion, accuracy, or reuse.
### Startup Funding (USD)
$2000
### Startup Funding Justification
The $2,000 startup payment will reserve the project's conference and blockchain-summit dissemination capacity. Registration and travel commonly must be purchased before a presentation takes place, sometimes before the first research milestone is accepted. Early availability of these funds will allow the project lead to respond to suitable presentation opportunities without using research-milestone compensation for travel.
The startup allocation may cover registration, economy transportation, lodging, and local transit for one relevant event. Its purpose is to present or promote the Zcash-facing research, gather feedback from academic and blockchain audiences, and connect the final education brief with potential users outside the existing Zcash community. The project lead will document the selected venue, its relevance to the grant, and the resulting dissemination activity. The three milestone payments below total $10,000; together with the $2,000 startup allocation, they equal the full $12,000 request.
### Milestone Details
```milestones.yaml
### Milestone 1: Zcash Source Map and Comparative Research Design
- Amount (USD): $3,000
- Expected Completion Date: 2026-11-30
- User Stories:
- As a Zcash educator, I want to know how existing ecosystem materials connect privacy with accountability, so that I can see which user concerns are addressed and which remain implicit.
- As a community reviewer, I want a clear comparative method, so that I can assess whether HAQQ is being used to generate relevant Zcash insight rather than to displace the Zcash case.
- Deliverables:
- Comparative research protocol and final source-selection criteria.
- Structured Zcash source map covering privacy, shielded transactions, selective disclosure, viewing capabilities, auditability, governance, and legitimate use.
- Structured HAQQ source map covering Shariah-oriented review, governance, token design, advisory authority, and community obligation.
- A 2,000- to 3,000-word analytical memo defining the comparison and its relevance to Zcash.
- Dissemination plan identifying the proposed conference or blockchain summit, intended audience, expected format, and relationship to the Zcash-facing outputs.
- Acceptance Criteria: The source maps cite primary materials; the memo keeps Zcash at the center of the problem; current functionality is distinguished from proposal or aspiration; and a ZCG representative or designated user representative confirms that the work is accurate and on scope.
### Milestone 2: Comparative Report and Legitimacy Framework
- Amount (USD): $4,000
- Expected Completion Date: 2027-02-26
- User Stories:
- As a Zcash ecosystem strategist, I want to understand why technical validity does not automatically create social legitimacy, so that adoption work can address moral and institutional concerns.
- As a researcher or educator, I want a structured comparison of privacy-based and authority-based trust, so that I can explain their differences without reducing either system to slogans.
- Deliverables:
- Draft 8,000- to 10,000-word comparative research report.
- Draft legitimacy framework comparing technical validity, disclosure, institutional authority, ethical framing, and imagined users.
- Technical-fact review copy circulated to relevant Zcash contributors or a reviewer designated by ZCG.
- Conference or summit presentation proposal, abstract, slide outline, or confirmed program listing, depending on the selected venue's schedule.
- Acceptance Criteria: The report distinguishes source evidence from interpretation; Zcash claims are supported by primary documentation; HAQQ is treated as a bounded case rather than a representative of Islam; recommendations are explicitly tied to Zcash; and a ZCG representative or designated user representative confirms that the work satisfies the milestone's user stories.
### Milestone 3: Zcash Education Brief and Public Release
- Amount (USD): $3,000
- Expected Completion Date: 2027-05-31
- User Stories:
- As a Zcash educator or community organizer, I want language for explaining private money to audiences concerned with accountability, so that I can address the concern without treating privacy as self-justifying.
- As a potential user, I want privacy distinguished from secrecy and selective disclosure explained without overstatement, so that I can evaluate Zcash on informed terms.
- Deliverables:
- Final open-access comparative research report.
- Final approximately 3,000-word Zcash education brief, provisionally titled Explaining Private Money Where Trust Requires Accountability.
- Final one-page legitimacy framework under a Creative Commons license.
- Public online presentation and feedback session for the Zcash community.
- Documentation of at least one conference or blockchain-summit presentation or organized promotion activity, including the venue, audience, and how the activity promoted or improved the Zcash-facing work.
- Revision memo documenting feedback and changes.
- Acceptance Criteria: Written outputs are published at stable public URLs under an open license; factual corrections identified during review are addressed; the community presentation is completed; and a ZCG representative or designated user representative confirms that the deliverables satisfy the user stories.
```
### Supporting Documents
```files.yaml
- File Name 1: ResearchProposal_ZCash_YLLyu| https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dV-POQbD1ERCNMcV26lJxQvYVuthYz2-/view?usp=sharing
- File Name 2: Resume | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AH6ZvzvKGvqanYcGTHVMD1_l4PR9SMpF/view?usp=sharing
- File Name 3: IFESDC 2026 program and Outstanding Paper Award documentation | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KmfdqNkNI3S8A5rk_MtTikWJAeELDFxS/view?usp=sharing
```